Pesquisa do Ministério da Saúde detecta piora dos hábitos alimentares da população
Research of the Ministry of Health detects worsening nutritional habits of the population
Research of the Ministry of Health detects worsening nutritional habits of the population
Lígia Formenti / BRASÍLIA - O Estado de S.Paulo
O brasileiro está mais gordo, mais sedentário e abusando de bebidas alcoólicas, revela o Vigitel, estudo feito pelo Ministério da Saúde.
No geral, os números preocupam bastante", avaliou o secretário de Vigilância do Ministério da Saúde, Jarbas Barbosa. O trabalho, que analisa estatísticas sobre fatores de risco para doenças crônicas, aponta ao menos um bom indicador: a redução do número de fumantes entre a população em geral, que passou de 16,2% para 15,1% em cinco anos.
Segundo a pesquisa, quase metade da população está acima do peso. Entre mulheres adultas, os índices de sobrepeso aumentaram 5,8 pontos porcentuais entre 2006 e 2010, passando de 38,5% para 44,3%. Na população masculina, o aumento foi de 4,9 pontos porcentuais no mesmo período: passou de 47,2% para 52,1%. As taxas de obesidade também cresceram. Atualmente, 15% da população é considerada obesa. "Mantido esse ritmo, em 13 anos a população brasileira terá o mesmo perfil de obesidade que a população americana", disse o secretário.
Em relação às bebidas alcoólicas, a situação também piorou. Em 2006, 16,2% da população adulta admitia beber em excesso. O porcentual agora está em 18%. Entre mulheres, a variação subiu de 8,2% para 10,6%. Na população masculina, os índices passaram de 25,5% para 26,8%.
O secretário observa que a prevalência de hábitos pouco saudáveis é mais acentuada entre população de baixa escolaridade. "Daí a necessidade de se reforçar medidas preventivas", afirma.
Ele informa que o governo deverá apresentar no próximo semestre um plano de ações para combater quatro doenças crônicas comuns no País, como diabetes, problemas cardiovasculares, respiratórios e diversos tipos de câncer. A ideia é traçar ações para reduzir fatores de risco dessas doenças: tabagismo, consumo excessivo de álcool, obesidade e sedentarismo. "Nesse momento, fazemos uma análise crítica das ações que até agora foram adotadas."
Esta é a quinta edição da pesquisa, batizada de Vigitel e feita por meio de entrevistas telefônicas com população adulta das capitais do País. Neste ano foram ouvidas 54.339 pessoas. A pesquisa mostra que hábitos alimentares da população vêm mudando para pior. Há uma redução do consumo de arroz e feijão, uma dupla clássica na dieta brasileira considerada protetora contra hábitos incorretos de alimentação. Ao mesmo tempo, o consumo de alimentos de alto teor de gordura e de refrigerantes é alto. O secretário avalia que alguns hábitos estão relacionados à falta de informação, como o consumo elevado de leite integral por adultos.
Os números de sedentarismo são homogêneos no País. "Há pequenas diferenças. Mas, em termos gerais, população se exercita muito pouco", observa o secretário. Homens praticam mais atividade física que mulheres. No País, 18,6% realizam atividades no tempo livre. Entre mulheres, esse índice é de 11,7%.
Opções. Longa jornada de trabalho e uma queda por massas. São esses os motivos que fizeram o ponteiro da balança do fotógrafo Cleiton Souza Maranhão, de 21 anos, chegar aos 112 kg. Seu índice de massa corporal (IMC) é 36,2, o que o coloca na faixa de obesos de segundo grau, uma abaixo da obesidade mórbida. "A rotina atrapalha muito", diz Maranhão. Ele acorda às 8 horas para fazer alguns trabalhos como free lance e deixa o escritório onde trabalha, na região central, às 23 horas. "Entre fazer exercícios e dormir mais, opto por dormir um pouco mais."
A dieta não é das mais saudáveis. De manhã, são dois pães na chapa; no almoço, arroz, lasanha, carne; à noite, mate com leite e alguns pães de queijo. O resultado de tanto carboidrato para pouca atividade física é excesso de peso e gordura localizada.
Maus hábitos
14,2%
da população adulta é sedentária
34,2%
comem carne vermelha gordurosa ou frango com pele
The Brazilian is fatter, more sedentary and abusing alcohol, reveals Vigitel, a study by the Ministry of Health
Overall, the numbers concerned enough ", said the secretary of the Ministry of Health Surveillance, Jarbas Barbosa. The work, which analyzes statistics on risk factors for chronic diseases, suggests at least a good indicator: the reduction in the number of smokers among the general population, which increased from 16.2% to 15.1% in five years.
According to the survey, almost half the population is overweight. Among adult women, rates of overweight increased by 5.8 percentage points between 2006 and 2010 from 38.5% to 44.3%. In the male population, the increase was 4.9 percentage points over the same period: from 47.2% to 52.1%. Obesity rates also rose. Currently, 15% of the population is considered obese. "If we keep this pace in 13 years the Brazilians have the same profile of obesity than the U.S. population," said the secretary.
Regarding alcohol, the situation has also deteriorated. In 2006, 16.2% of adults admitted drinking to excess. The percentage now stands at 18%. Among women, the change increased from 8.2% to 10.6%. In the male population, rates increased from 25.5% to 26.8%.
The Secretary notes that the prevalence of unhealthy habits is most pronounced among people with low education. "Hence the need to strengthen preventive measures," he says.
He says the government should make next semester a plan of action to combat four common chronic diseases in the country, such as diabetes, cardiovascular, respiratory and several types of cancer. The idea is to outline actions to reduce risk factors for these diseases: smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity and physical inactivity. "Right now, we do a critical analysis of the actions that have so far been adopted."
This is the fifth edition of the survey, dubbed Vigitel and made through telephone interviews with adults from the capitals of the country this year 54,339 people were heard. Research shows that eating habits of the population are changing for the worse. There is a reduction in consumption of rice and beans, a classic double in the Brazilian diet considered protective against bad food habits. At the same time, consumption of foods high in fat and soft drinks is high. The Secretary estimates that some habits are related to lack of information, such as high consumption of whole milk for adults.
The numbers of sedentary lifestyle are homogeneous in the Country "There are small differences. But, overall, people are exercising too little," says the secretary. Men play more physical activity than women. In Brazil, 18.6% carry out activities in free time. Among women, this rate is 11.7%.
Options. Long working hours and a penchant for pasta. These are the reasons that made the pointer of the balance of the photographer Cleiton Maranhão Souza, 21 years, reaching 112 kg. Your body mass index (BMI) is 36.2, which ranks in the obese range of second grade, one below the morbidly obese. "The routine very disruptive," says Maranhão. He wakes up to 8 hours to do some work as a freelance and leaves the office where he works in the central region at 23 hours. "Between exercise and sleep more, I opt to sleep a little longer."
The diet is not the most healthy. In the morning, two loaves of bread are on the plate, for lunch, rice, lasagna, meat, at night, kill with milk and some cheese bread. The result of both carbohydrate to less physical activity are overweight and fat.
Bad habits
14.2%
of the adult population is sedentary
34.2%
eat fatty red meat or chicken with skin
Overall, the numbers concerned enough ", said the secretary of the Ministry of Health Surveillance, Jarbas Barbosa. The work, which analyzes statistics on risk factors for chronic diseases, suggests at least a good indicator: the reduction in the number of smokers among the general population, which increased from 16.2% to 15.1% in five years.
According to the survey, almost half the population is overweight. Among adult women, rates of overweight increased by 5.8 percentage points between 2006 and 2010 from 38.5% to 44.3%. In the male population, the increase was 4.9 percentage points over the same period: from 47.2% to 52.1%. Obesity rates also rose. Currently, 15% of the population is considered obese. "If we keep this pace in 13 years the Brazilians have the same profile of obesity than the U.S. population," said the secretary.
Regarding alcohol, the situation has also deteriorated. In 2006, 16.2% of adults admitted drinking to excess. The percentage now stands at 18%. Among women, the change increased from 8.2% to 10.6%. In the male population, rates increased from 25.5% to 26.8%.
The Secretary notes that the prevalence of unhealthy habits is most pronounced among people with low education. "Hence the need to strengthen preventive measures," he says.
He says the government should make next semester a plan of action to combat four common chronic diseases in the country, such as diabetes, cardiovascular, respiratory and several types of cancer. The idea is to outline actions to reduce risk factors for these diseases: smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity and physical inactivity. "Right now, we do a critical analysis of the actions that have so far been adopted."
This is the fifth edition of the survey, dubbed Vigitel and made through telephone interviews with adults from the capitals of the country this year 54,339 people were heard. Research shows that eating habits of the population are changing for the worse. There is a reduction in consumption of rice and beans, a classic double in the Brazilian diet considered protective against bad food habits. At the same time, consumption of foods high in fat and soft drinks is high. The Secretary estimates that some habits are related to lack of information, such as high consumption of whole milk for adults.
The numbers of sedentary lifestyle are homogeneous in the Country "There are small differences. But, overall, people are exercising too little," says the secretary. Men play more physical activity than women. In Brazil, 18.6% carry out activities in free time. Among women, this rate is 11.7%.
Options. Long working hours and a penchant for pasta. These are the reasons that made the pointer of the balance of the photographer Cleiton Maranhão Souza, 21 years, reaching 112 kg. Your body mass index (BMI) is 36.2, which ranks in the obese range of second grade, one below the morbidly obese. "The routine very disruptive," says Maranhão. He wakes up to 8 hours to do some work as a freelance and leaves the office where he works in the central region at 23 hours. "Between exercise and sleep more, I opt to sleep a little longer."
The diet is not the most healthy. In the morning, two loaves of bread are on the plate, for lunch, rice, lasagna, meat, at night, kill with milk and some cheese bread. The result of both carbohydrate to less physical activity are overweight and fat.
Bad habits
14.2%
of the adult population is sedentary
34.2%
eat fatty red meat or chicken with skin
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